Part
A
1. What
is discourse analysis?
In
my opinion discourse analysis is one of applied linguistics to evaluation a
spoken or written to make us answer some event or language with different
answer or different pointview.
2. Please
mentions 5 major of discourse analysis and their experts !
A.
Teun A. Van Dijk
Expert of
Critical Discourse Analysis
B.
Dell Hyme
Expert of
ethnography of communication
C.
Aron K. Barbey
Expert from
cognitive neuroscience of discourse comprehension.
D.
Suzanne Fleischman
Expert of
language and medicine
E.
Edmund Husserl
Expert of Phenomenology
Part
B
Explain
the DA/CDA terms below ( Choose 5 only )
1. Power
Language
and Power. Presents a radical view of CDA. It emphasises the power
behind discourse rather than just the power in discourse (how people with
power shape the ‘order of discourse’ as well as the social order in general,
versus how people with power control what happens in specific interactions such
as interviews). It correspondingly emphasises ideology rather than (just)
persuasion and manipulation. It views discourse as a stake in social struggle
as well as a site of social struggle, and views social struggle as including
class struggle.
2.
Idiology
The
theory of ideology that informs the discourse analytic approach of this paper
is multidisciplinary. It is articulated within a conceptual triangle that
connects society, discourse and social cognition in the framework of a critical
discourse analysis.
3.
News as Discourse
The
main feature is to analyze news primarily as a type of text or discourse. The
first major consideration in such an analysis is the structures of news
discourse, such as the various levels or dimensions of description and the
units or categories used to explicitly characterize such levels or dimensions. This
analysis should answer the important question about the structural specifics of
news discourse as compared to other types of discourse.
4. Critical
Thinking on News
Critical
thinking will become a dominant force in the world only when,
and to the extent that, critical societies emerge.
As media are reflections of our collective values
and character, they are also potentially significant in helping us shape and
alter our individual views. Thus, a running index to some of the news,
discourse and critique that contextualizes critical thinking in media as they
alter and illuminate our times follows.
5. Interdiciplines
Inter-discipline means an
organizational unit that involves two or more academic disciplines, but which
have the formal criteria of disciplines such as dedicated research journals,
conferences and university departments. It is related to interdisciplinarity. The
disciplines of social science have claimed a need for interdisciplinarity.
Proponents of new disciplines have also claimed the whole of human activity as
their domain, whilst simultaneously emphasising the need for increased
specialisation. Critical social analysis attempts to repair the flaws of
specialisation. The perceived need for interdisciplinarity in critical
discourse analysis (CDA) is a characteristic, latter-day imperative throughout
most social science (Jessop and Sum, 2001). As such, it highlights the
fragmenting trajectory that studies of the social world have undergone, most
noticeably over the last 150 years
Part
C
1. Please
make a brief overview or critical review on journal, which proposed by expert specific
area of DA !
On
Journal of Teun A. Van Dijk from University of Amsterdam is talk about Power
and News Media and have some overview, such as :
A.
A
brief conceptual analysis is needed in order to specify what notions of power
are involved in such an approach to the role of the news media. I limit this
analysis to properties of social or institutional power and ignore the more
idiosyncratic dimensions of personal influence and the example, those of
individual journalists. And than, social power here will be summarily defined
as a social relation between groups or institutions, involving the control by a
(more) powerful group or institution (and its members) of the actions and the
minds of (the members) a less powerful group. 5 Such power generally
presupposes privileged access to socially valued resources, such as force,
wealth, income, knowledge, or status.
B.
Access
Another important notion in the analysis
of (media) power is that of access. It has been shown that power is generally
based on special access to valued social resources. This is quite literally
also true for access to public discourse, for example, that of the mass media.
And Than, controlling the means of mass communication is one of the crucial
conditions of social power in contemporary information societies. Indeed,
besides economic or other social conditions of power, social groups may be
attributed social power by their active or passive access to various forms of
public, other influential, or consequential discourse, such as those of the
mass media, scholarship, or political and corporate decision making.
C.
Influence and Social Cognition
Special access to the minds of the public does not imply
control. Not only does the public have some freedom in participating in the use
of media messages, it may also not change its mind along the lines desired by
the more powerful. Rejection, disbelief, criticism, or other forms of
resistance or challenge may be involved and thus signal modes of counterpower.
In other words, influence defined as a form of mind control is hardly
unproblematic, as is the power of the media and of the elite groups that try to
access the public through the media.
