UAS Discourse Analysis

Part A

1.      What is discourse analysis?

            In my opinion discourse analysis is one of applied linguistics to evaluation a spoken or written to make us answer some event or language with different answer or different pointview.

2.      Please mentions 5 major of discourse analysis and their experts !

A.    Teun A. Van Dijk

Expert of Critical Discourse Analysis

B.     Dell Hyme

Expert of ethnography of communication

C.     Aron K. Barbey

Expert from cognitive neuroscience of discourse comprehension.

D.    Suzanne Fleischman

Expert of language and medicine

E.     Edmund Husserl

Expert of Phenomenology

Part B

Explain the DA/CDA terms below ( Choose 5 only )

1.      Power

            Language and Power. Presents a radical view of CDA. It emphasises the power behind discourse rather than just the power in discourse (how people with power shape the ‘order of discourse’ as well as the social order in general, versus how people with power control what happens in specific interactions such as interviews). It correspondingly emphasises ideology rather than (just) persuasion and manipulation. It views discourse as a stake in social struggle as well as a site of social struggle, and views social struggle as including class struggle.

2.      Idiology

            The theory of ideology that informs the discourse analytic approach of this paper is multidisciplinary. It is articulated within a conceptual triangle that connects society, discourse and social cognition in the framework of a critical discourse analysis.

3.      News as Discourse

            The main feature is to analyze news primarily as a type of text or discourse. The first major consideration in such an analysis is the structures of news discourse, such as the various levels or dimensions of description and the units or categories used to explicitly characterize such levels or dimensions. This analysis should answer the important question about the structural specifics of news discourse as compared to other types of discourse.

4.      Critical Thinking on News

            Critical thinking will become a dominant force in the world only when,

and to the extent that, critical societies emerge.

As media are reflections of our collective values and character, they are also potentially significant in helping us shape and alter our individual views. Thus, a running index to some of the news, discourse and critique that contextualizes critical thinking in media as they alter and illuminate our times follows.

5.      Interdiciplines

            Inter-discipline means an organizational unit that involves two or more academic disciplines, but which have the formal criteria of disciplines such as dedicated research journals, conferences and university departments. It is related to interdisciplinarity. The disciplines of social science have claimed a need for interdisciplinarity. Proponents of new disciplines have also claimed the whole of human activity as their domain, whilst simultaneously emphasising the need for increased specialisation. Critical social analysis attempts to repair the flaws of specialisation. The perceived need for interdisciplinarity in critical discourse analysis (CDA) is a characteristic, latter-day imperative throughout most social science (Jessop and Sum, 2001). As such, it highlights the fragmenting trajectory that studies of the social world have undergone, most noticeably over the last 150 years

Part C

1.      Please make a brief overview or critical review on journal, which proposed by expert specific area of  DA !

            On Journal of Teun A. Van Dijk from University of Amsterdam is talk about Power and News Media and have some overview, such as :

A.          A brief conceptual analysis is needed in order to specify what notions of power are involved in such an approach to the role of the news media. I limit this analysis to properties of social or institutional power and ignore the more idiosyncratic dimensions of personal influence and the example, those of individual journalists. And than, social power here will be summarily defined as a social relation between groups or institutions, involving the control by a (more) powerful group or institution (and its members) of the actions and the minds of (the members) a less powerful group. 5 Such power generally presupposes privileged access to socially valued resources, such as force, wealth, income, knowledge, or status.

B.     Access

      Another important notion in the analysis of (media) power is that of access. It has been shown that power is generally based on special access to valued social resources. This is quite literally also true for access to public discourse, for example, that of the mass media. And Than, controlling the means of mass communication is one of the crucial conditions of social power in contemporary information societies. Indeed, besides economic or other social conditions of power, social groups may be attributed social power by their active or passive access to various forms of public, other influential, or consequential discourse, such as those of the mass media, scholarship, or political and corporate decision making.

C.     Influence and Social Cognition

      Special access to the minds of the public does not imply control. Not only does the public have some freedom in participating in the use of media messages, it may also not change its mind along the lines desired by the more powerful. Rejection, disbelief, criticism, or other forms of resistance or challenge may be involved and thus signal modes of counterpower. In other words, influence defined as a form of mind control is hardly unproblematic, as is the power of the media and of the elite groups that try to access the public through the media.